• Home
  • Introduction And Work Contributions
    • 1.1 Introduction
    • 1.2 Literature Review
    • 1.3 Aims of the Dissertation and Proposed Approach
    • 1.4 Summary of Contributions
    • 1.5 Dissertation Organization
  • Estimating The Communication Range Of Automotive Remote Keyless Entry Systems
    • 2.1 Introduction
    • 2.2 Maximum Detection Range for an RKE System
    • 2.3 Car Electronic Components Effect on the Communication Range of the RKE System
    • 2.4 Signal to Noise Ratio Measurements for an RKE System with an Active and Passive Antenna
    • 2.5 Conclusions
  • Compact Planar Antennas For Short Range Wireless Automotive Communication
    • 3.1 Introduction
    • 3.2 Antenna Geometry
    • 3.3 Main Antenna Performance
    • 3.4 Simulation results
    • 3.5 Passive Antenna Radiation Pattern
    • 3.6 Meander Line Antenna for Multi Frequency Band Applications
    • 3.7 Conclusions
  • Small Printed Meander Symmetrical And Asymmetrical Antenna Performances, Including The Rf Cable Effect, In The 315 Mhz Frequency Band
    • 4.1 Introduction
    • 4.2 Antenna Geometry
    • 4.3 Numerical Results
    • 4.4 Measurement Procedure
    • 4.5 Measurement Results
    • 4.6 Meandered Printed Dipole Antenna in the 433.9 MHz Frequency Band Compared to a Meander Dipole and an Asymmetrical Meander Antenna Frequency Band
    • 4.7 Conclusions
  • Low Noise Amplifier Design For The Printed Planar Active Antennas In The Automotive Applications Frequency Bands
    • 5.1 Introduction
    • 5.2 Active Antenna Layout
    • 5.3 Investigation of Amplifier Element Types Used in the 315 MHZ RKE Active Antenna System
    • 5.4 Conclusions
  • Measurements And Range Performance Evaluation Of The Active Hidden Planar Antenna Design In A Vehicle
    • 6.1 Introduction
    • 6.2 Mechanical and Industrial Design Restrictions
    • 6.3 Antenna location Evaluations
    • 6.4 Antenna Design Methodology
    • 6.5 Performances and Evaluations of Commonly Used RKE Antennas
    • 6.6 External Active Antenna System Design in the Car
    • 6.7 Antenna Pattern Measurement Results and Analysis
    • 6.8 Active Antenna Pattern Measurement with Different Cable Locations in the Car
    • 6.9 Compact Diversity Antenna System for Remote Control Automotive Applications
    • 6.10 Conclusions
  • A Signal- And Noise-Measurement Procedure For An Antenna/Rf Receiver Combination In A Short Range Automotive Communication System
    • 7.1 Introduction
    • 7.2 RKE Module Structure
    • 7.3 Signal and Noise Measurements Procedure
    • 7.4 Measurements Results
    • 7.5 Noise and Electromagnetic Emission Interference Measurements Caused by the Surrounding Electronic Components Inside the Vehicle
    • 7.6 Conclusions
  • Alternative Antenna System Design For Automotive Wireless Communication
    • 8.1 Introduction
    • 8.2 Printed-On-Glass RKE Antenna for 315 MHZ Frequency Band Automotive Applications
    • 8.3 Comparison of the Performance of Different Antenna Types for 433.9 MHZ Automotive Applications
    • 8.4 Conclusions
  • Conclusions And Future Work
    • 9.1 Conclusion
    • 9.2 Future Work
• Patents
  • 1.1
  • 1.2
  • 1.3
  • 1.4
  • 1.5
• Abbreviations

HIDDEN PLANAR ANTENNAS WITH EXTENDED COMMUNICATION RANGE FOR REMOTE KEYLESS ENTRY AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS

ABSTRACT

HIDDEN PLANAR WITH EXTENDED RANGE ANTENNAS FOR REMOTE KEYLESS ENTRY AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS

by

Basim M. Al-Khateeb

Advisor: Barbara Oakley, Ph.D.

For this dissertation, a number of different antennas have been developed and investigated for RKE (Remote Keyless Entry) and related automotive applications. These antennas include small printed-on-dielectric passive and active, printed-on glass, and whip-splitter types. Key antenna parameters-including size, performance, antenna shape-are proposed, investigated and discussed.
The best of the hidden planar antennas developed for this dissertation show considerable advantages in range over systems that are currently available. These new antennas allow for both highly efficient performance and lower costs. Additionally, a space diversity RKE antenna system has been developed as a part of this dissertation that allows for extended communication range in a blanket of coverage that completely surrounds the car (360°). Verification of the performance of such hidden antennas were performed experimentally and using simulation for multiple frequency band applications, including applications for medical, satellite, security systems, and cell phones.

Special test procedures are also presented that have been developed for the antenna-RKE receiver system. These new test procedures allow measurement of the signal and noise level at the output of an RKE system's RF receiver while the receiver is installed in its usual location on the board of the vehicle and connected with its antenna. The new procedures also solve the problem of obtaining signal and noise measurements in systems with integrated receiver/antenna units. The characteristics of small antennas taking into account the often significant effect of the cable length and direction position have also been investigated and are presented; solutions are also presented that eliminate the effect of the cable on small hidden antenna performance.
The goal of this research is to highlight the specific design challenges associated with planar small antennas integrated into the interior hidden parts of the vehicles with limited packaging dimensions and a noisy surrounding environment due to the many electronic noise sources. Additional antenna proposal designs are presented as alternative choices for use when the vehicle suffers from difficult-to-eliminate noise sources.
>